Carigrad u srpskim srednjovekovnim žitijima

Abstract

U srpskim srednjovekovnim žitijima vizantijska prestonica se pominje kao Konstantin grad, zatim Carigrad, potom 'carstvujući grad', a znatno ređe kao Novi Rim ili Konstantinopol. Pisci žitija je pominju kada govore o njenom podizanju, pojedinim vizantijskim carevima, osnivanju srpskog manastira Hilandara na Svetoj Gori, posetama i boravcima nekih srpskih uglednika, njenoj ugroženosti od Katalanaca ili Osmanlija, obdarivanjima i ktitorskoj delatnosti srpskih vladara itd. Uz naziv Konstantinovog grada ukoliko ide neki epitet to je pridev slavni, a znatno manje pridev veliki.

In the Serbian medieval biographies the Byzantine capital is mentioning as Constantine city, then 'Carigrad', after that 'Emperor City' and considerably seldom as New Rome or Constantinople. With name of Constantine's city if any epithet suits it is adjective famous and considerably less the great. Chronologically observed the news of the Serbian medieval biographies in which was mentioned Carigrad are conformed with time of the Byzantine empire existence that means that they reach up until the 4th century and than they go until the fall of Carigrad in hands of the Ottomans at the middle of the 15th century. Meanwhile at once should accent that that long period is not equally netted so only very little data is related to the first decades of the 4th century, Constantine the Great and founding of the capital on the Bosphorus and than after the hiatus of several hundred years, mentioning of Carigrad begins at the end of 12th century until 1453. The writers of biographies the capital of the Byzantine empire mention when they speak about its reestablishing, particular Byzantine emperors, holding of three of seven synods, foundation of the Serbian monastery Chilandar on the Mount Athos (1198), acquiring of autocephaly for the Serbian church (1219), visits and stays of some Serbian distinguished persons, it s imperiled from the Catalans and the Ottomans, contributions and foundation activities of the Serbian rulers etc.