Ličnosne dispozicije ka kriminalnom recidivu u uzorku institucionalizovanih adolescenata

Abstract

Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se identifikuju crte ličnosti koje predviđaju stabilno kriminalno ponašanje u adolescenciji. U istraživanju je učestvovalo 58 ispitanika koji su se u trenutku prikupljanja podataka nalazili na izdržavanju vaspitne mere upućivanja u Vaspitno popravni dom u Kruševcu. Ispitivani subjekti su bili stari od 15 do 22 godine, a prosečni uzrast ispitanika je bio 18.7 godina (SD=1.7). Ispitanicima su zadati upitnici samoprocene koji su merili sledeće konstrukte: Crte ličnosti iz modela 'Velikih pet', Dezintegracija, Amoralnost i Psihopatija. Recidivizam je operacionalizovan na dva načina: preko broja izvršenih krivičnih dela i preko broja vaspitnih mera kroz koje je osoba prošla. Predikcija recidiva je izvršena pomoću hijerarhijske regresione analize. Rezultati pokazuju da niska Saradljivost (β=-0.34; p lt 0.05) iz modela Velikih pet uspešno predviđa broj izvršenih krivičnih dela. Меđutim ona prediktorske sposobnosti gubi kada se psihopatija i Amoralnost uvedu u model. Tada dominantni prediktori postaju Impulsivnošću podstaknuta Amoralnost (β=0.65; p lt 0.01) i Manipulativnost (β=0.60; p lt 0.01). Kada je u pitanju broj vaspitnih mera koje su izrečene ispitanicima, iz modela Velikih Pet se kao prediktor pojavljuje niska Ekstraverzija (β=-0.48; p lt 0.01) a na sledećem koraku regresije joj se pridružuje Brutalnošću podstaknuta Amoralnost (β=0.73; p lt 0.01). Rezultati pokazuju sličnost sa nalazima koji su dobijeni na uzorcima odraslih ispitanika sa razlikom što na ovom uzorku bihejvioralni faktor psihopatije nije imao ulogu u predikciji, a što predstavlja nalaz koji se najčešće dobija u istraživanjima na populaciji odraslih ispitanika. .

This study represented an attempt to identify the personality traits that predict a stable criminal behavior in adolescence. The study included 58 subjects who were serving the correctional sentence in Education and correction home in Kruševac. Subjects were aged between 15 and 22 years and the average age of respondents was 18.7 years (σ = 1.7). Respondents were given self-assessment questionnaires that measured: personality traits from 'Big Five' model, Disintegration, Amorality and psychopathy. Recidivism was operationalized in two ways: by the number of offenses and the number of correctional treatments over which individual had undergone. Predicting recidivism was done by using hierarchical regression analysis. The results show that low Agreeableness (β = -0.34, p lt 0.05) from the Big Five model successfully predicted the number of criminal offenses. But it lost predictive ability when psychopathy and Amorality were introduced in the model: Amorality induced by impulsivity (β = 0.65, p lt 0.01) and manipulation (β = 0.60, p lt 0.01) became the dominant predictors. When the number of corrective treatments that have been imposed to respondents were set as a criterion measure, the low Extraversion from Big Five model became significant predictor (β = -0.48, p lt 0.01) and Amorality induced by brutality joined it in the next level of regression (β = 0.73, p lt 0.01). The results show similarities with the findings obtained on samples of adult subjects. However, the only difference was that behavioral psychopathy factor had no role in the prediction, which is usually the case in similar empirical studies. .