Поплаве у Кнежевини Србији 1864. године и радови на регулацији водотока

Abstract

У раду су обрађене поплаве које су задесиле Кнежевину Србију у јуну и новембру 1864. године. Детаљно је приказано који су окрузи били највише погођени поплавом и где су биле највеће штете, како и какве су последице остајале након повлачења воде. Део рада посвећен је и посети кнеза Михаила Обреновића појединим поплављеним подручјима. У последњем делу рада дати су подаци о регулацији водотока током 60-их година 19. века.

One of the largest floods on the territory of the Principality of Serbia in the 19th century occurred in 1864, and it left an enormous impact. The floods first occurred in June of 1864, and again in November of the same year, covering a slightly smaller territory. To illustrate the scale of the flooding that took place in June of 1864, we can look at data that showed that 16 out of 17 counties of the Principality were flooded at the time. The total damage the June flood caused amounted to 1.241.272,5 royal ducats (coins). Peasants were the ones hardest hit by the flood, as their crops were destroyed to a great extent. The state took measures to help the affected population. The help consisted of food supplies that were sent to ensure the survival of the people, especially during the 1864/5 winter, when the impact of the flood was felt the most. Furthermore, the state also granted municipal land to peasants and secured the supply of seeds for the next harvest. Between 7th and 22nd July 1864 Prince Mihailo Obrenović visited several counties that were hit hardest by the flood. The flood prevention work in the 1860’s consisted of minor works on the waterway modification and improvement, such as the channelization of the Velika (“Great”) Morava River, in the vicinity of villages Radošin, Domuz-potok and Brzane. However, the state didn’t take concrete measures to organize major works in order to prevent river flooding during the above mentioned periods, thus, floods were still a common occurence in the later years.