Ideja (jugo)slovenstva i njena primena u međuratnoj srpskoj crkvenoj umetnosti na primeru Svetih Ćirila i Metodija

Abstract

Ćirilo i Metodije su najznačajnije ličnosti zaslužne za propovedanje i širenje hrišćanstva na slovenskom jeziku i stvaranje prvih pisama kod slovenskih naroda. Posle poziva moravskog kneza Rastislava 863. godine, solunska braća Ćirilo i Metodije počinju sa propovedanjem Božje reči na slovenskom jeziku, prevođenjem crkvenih knjiga sa grčkog na (staro)slovenskij ezik i formiranjem prvog pisma - glagoljice. U ovom radu biće istaknuta dva likovna primera nastala u međuratnom periodu na kojima su prikazani slovenski apostoli Ćirilo i Metodije. To su crkva Vavedenja Bogorodice u Orlovatu, gde je Uroš Predić 1926. godine na ikonostasu u medaljonu prikazao Ćirila i Metodija, i Pridvorna kapela Svetog Simeona Mirotočivog u Srpskoj patrijaršiji u Beogradu iz 1935. godine, gde je ruski slikar Vladimir Predajevič naslikao ikone Ćirila i Metodija. Cilj rada bi bio da se istaknu ova dva reprezentativna primera likovnih predstava prvih slovenskih apostola nastalih u međuratnom periodu, da se naznači ideologija slovenstva, kao i da se predstavi komparacija i ukaže na njihovo izjednačavanje sa prvim hrišćanskim apostolima Svetim Petrom i Pavlom, koji su takođe prikazani u ovim hramovima. Na osnovu primera Ćirila i Metodija i njihovih likovnih predstava iz crkve u Orlovatu i Pridvorne kapele Svetog Simeona Mirotočivog u Srpskoj patrijaršiji u Beogradu, istakla bi se ideja slovenstva i njena primena u međuratnoj crkvenoj umetnosti.

Cyril and Methodius are the most significant individuals for the preaching and proliferation of Christianity in the Slav language and for the creating of the first alphabets among Slavic peoples. After the invitation by Moravian Prince Rastislav in 863, the brothers from Thessaloniki, Cyril and Methodius, started with the preaching of the Word of God in the Slav language, they started with the translation of ecclesiastical books from Greek into the (Old) Slavic language and with the creating of the first alphabet, the Glagolitic script. This paper will present two artistic examples, created in the period between two world wars, that show Slavic apostles Cyril and Methodius. This is the Church of the Entrance of the Theotokos into the Temple in Orlovat where in 1926 Uroš Predić painted Cyril and Methodius in the medallion of the iconostasis and the Chapel of Saint Simeon the Myrrh-gusher at the Serbian Patriarchate in Belgrade from 1935 where Russian painter Vladimir Predayevich created icons of Cyril and Methodius. The goal of the paper - would be to emphasise these two representative examples of artistic depictions of the first Slavic apostles created in the period between the two world wars, to underline the ideology of the Slavdom, as well as to present comparison and point at their equation with the first Christian apostles Saint Peter and Saint Paul who were also depicted at these churches. On the basis of the example of Cyril and Methodius and their artistic depictions from the church in Orlovat and the Chapel of St. Simeon the Myrrh-gusher at the Serbian Patriarchate in Belgrade, it would be possible to accentuate the idea of the Slavdom and its application in the ecclesiastic art in the period between the two world wars.