Neutralni monizam u modernoj filozofiji i fizici

Abstract

Filozofi su detaljno razmatrali stanovište neutralnog monizma kao generalnog okvira za objašnjenje domena fizičkih i mentalnih stanja, koji su inicijalno razvili Ernst Mah i Bertrand Rasel. Iako su ih filozofi zapostavili u svojim razmatranjima, takve ideje nalazimo takođe u ključnim razmatranjima nekih od fizičara pored Ernsta Maha, tvoraca kvante mehanike. Pokazaćemo da je Nils Bor, jedan od ključnih kreatora kvantne mehanike, zapravo postepeno izgradio u vidu svog principa komplementarnosti čestičnog i talasnog aspekta mikrofizičkih fenomena, eksperimentalno bazirano stanovište vrlo blisko Raselovom i Mahovom neutralnom monizmu.

Philosophers have substantially considered the key ideas of Neutral Monism, a philosophical view attempting to overcome the Mind/Body problem, as it was initially developed by Ernst Mach and Bertrand Russell. Yet similar ideas are also found in some key considerations of a few prominent physicists who developed quantum mechanics, although philosophers have neglected them. We will show that Niels Bohr's principle of complementarity (of the particle and wave aspects of microphysical phenomena) is a gradually developed and experimentally motivated account very close to Russell's and Mach's key ideas on Neutral Monism.