Ispit zrelosti kao uslov za nastavak školovanja u Srbiji krajem XIX i početkom XX veka

Abstract

U Srbiji su ispiti zrelosti polagani prvi put školske 1875/76. Zakonom su propisani 1873. godine, a regulisani 1876. posebnim Pravilima u koja su unošene izmene 1880, 1892, 1902. i 1907. godine. Od ispita zrelosti, prema ovom dokumentu, očekivalo se da proceni da li je znanje koje učenik poseduje dovoljno kvalitetno za pohađanje nastave na Velikoj školi, odnosno Univerzitetu, tj. da li je znanje koje iznosi iz srednje škole dovoljno obimno, sistematično i primenljivo. Ispit je u svakoj školi organizovala komisija sastavljena od nastavnika, upravnika škole i izaslanika Ministra prosvete. U radu je analiziran program ispita zrelosti, kriterijumi, stavovi i dileme u vezi sa procenom zrelosti, prolaznost, kao i organizacioni aspekti ovog ispita.

In Serbia people took their maturity exams for the first time in 1875/'76 school year. They were statutory in 1873 and regulated by special Rules with the amendments made in 1880, 1892, 1902 and 1907. According to this document, the maturity exam was expected to estimate whether the knowledge a student possesses is of sufficient quality for attending the lessons at High School, i.e, University, that is, whether the knowledge acquired in secondary education is extensive enough, systematic and applicable. In every school the exam was organised by the committee made of teachers, school director and the representative of the Ministry of Education. In this paper the programme of the maturity exam has been analysed along with the criteria, attitudes and dilemmas related to the estimation (assessment) of maturity, success rates, as well as the organisational aspects of this exam.