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An examination of the relationship between intelligence and attachment in adulthood

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Authors
Dimitrijević, Aleksandar
Altaras Dimitrijević, Ana
Jolić Marjanović, Zorana
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Abstract
Although intelligence and attachment have both been thoroughly studied, their relationship has been strangely neglected, particularly when it comes to the adult population. Our study sought to fill this gap in the literature and test the hypothesis that securely attached individuals would perform better on standard tests of intelligence than individuals with insecure attachment patterns. The study also addressed the question whether particular aspects of intelligence (e.g., verbal/nonverbal reasoning) are differently related to the dimensions defining quality of attachment (e.g., anxiety and avoidance). Participants in the study were 262 adults (143 male, age range 21-61), who were administered a battery of intelligence tests, as well as two measures of attachment: the ECR-R and QAA-R. The latter instrument was also used to categorize subjects into four attachment patterns: secure, dismissing, preoccupied, and fearful. The results of an ANOVA indicate that there are significant differe...nces between the four attachment patterns on a g-factor of intelligence (F-(258,F- 3) = 19.637, p = .000), with post hoc tests revealing that the "secure" group scores significantly higher on g than either of the three "insecure" groups. The same pattern of results is obtained for both verbal and nonverbal reasoning, as well as general knowledge. Although the differences between the three "insecure" groups are not always significant, there is a clear trend for the "fearful" to be the lowest-scoring group, regardless of the intelligence test employed. An inspection of the correlations between attachment dimensions and intelligence further reveals that ECR-Anxiety shows a stronger relationship to intellectual ability (r = -.296 - -.408) than does ECR-Avoidance (r= -.139 -.247), though all the correlations are significant (p lt .05). With respect to QAA-R, the strongest correlation with intelligence is found for the Negative self (r = -.288 - -.402, p = .000), Mentalization (r = .296 -.394, p = .000), and Negative others subscales (r= -. 229 --. 338, p=.000); the only subscale not related to intellectual ability is Use of secure base. The results confirm our initial hypothesis that secure attachment represents an asset when it comes to intellectual performance, even beyond childhood, and on both verbal and nonverbal tests of ability.

Keywords:
Verbal reasoning / Nonverbal reasoning / Intelligence / Attachment patterns / Attachment dimensions
Source:
INPACT 2013: International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends, 2013, 21-25
Publisher:
  • World Inst Advanced Research & Science, Lisbon

ISBN: 9789899786608

WoS: 000354623100008

[ Google Scholar ]
2
Handle
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_reff_1553
URI
http://reff.f.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1553
Collections
  • Radovi istraživača / Researcher's publications - Odeljenje za psihologiju
Institution/Community
Psihologija / Psychology
TY  - CONF
AU  - Dimitrijević, Aleksandar
AU  - Altaras Dimitrijević, Ana
AU  - Jolić Marjanović, Zorana
PY  - 2013
UR  - http://reff.f.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1553
AB  - Although intelligence and attachment have both been thoroughly studied, their relationship has been strangely neglected, particularly when it comes to the adult population. Our study sought to fill this gap in the literature and test the hypothesis that securely attached individuals would perform better on standard tests of intelligence than individuals with insecure attachment patterns. The study also addressed the question whether particular aspects of intelligence (e.g., verbal/nonverbal reasoning) are differently related to the dimensions defining quality of attachment (e.g., anxiety and avoidance). Participants in the study were 262 adults (143 male, age range 21-61), who were administered a battery of intelligence tests, as well as two measures of attachment: the ECR-R and QAA-R. The latter instrument was also used to categorize subjects into four attachment patterns: secure, dismissing, preoccupied, and fearful. The results of an ANOVA indicate that there are significant differences between the four attachment patterns on a g-factor of intelligence (F-(258,F- 3) = 19.637, p = .000), with post hoc tests revealing that the "secure" group scores significantly higher on g than either of the three "insecure" groups. The same pattern of results is obtained for both verbal and nonverbal reasoning, as well as general knowledge. Although the differences between the three "insecure" groups are not always significant, there is a clear trend for the "fearful" to be the lowest-scoring group, regardless of the intelligence test employed. An inspection of the correlations between attachment dimensions and intelligence further reveals that ECR-Anxiety shows a stronger relationship to intellectual ability (r = -.296 - -.408) than does ECR-Avoidance (r= -.139 -.247), though all the correlations are significant (p lt .05). With respect to QAA-R, the strongest correlation with intelligence is found for the Negative self (r = -.288 - -.402, p = .000), Mentalization (r = .296 -.394, p = .000), and Negative others subscales (r= -. 229 --. 338, p=.000); the only subscale not related to intellectual ability is Use of secure base. The results confirm our initial hypothesis that secure attachment represents an asset when it comes to intellectual performance, even beyond childhood, and on both verbal and nonverbal tests of ability.
PB  - World Inst Advanced Research & Science, Lisbon
C3  - INPACT 2013: International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends
T1  - An examination of the relationship between intelligence and attachment in adulthood
EP  - 25
SP  - 21
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_reff_1553
ER  - 
@conference{
author = "Dimitrijević, Aleksandar and Altaras Dimitrijević, Ana and Jolić Marjanović, Zorana",
year = "2013",
abstract = "Although intelligence and attachment have both been thoroughly studied, their relationship has been strangely neglected, particularly when it comes to the adult population. Our study sought to fill this gap in the literature and test the hypothesis that securely attached individuals would perform better on standard tests of intelligence than individuals with insecure attachment patterns. The study also addressed the question whether particular aspects of intelligence (e.g., verbal/nonverbal reasoning) are differently related to the dimensions defining quality of attachment (e.g., anxiety and avoidance). Participants in the study were 262 adults (143 male, age range 21-61), who were administered a battery of intelligence tests, as well as two measures of attachment: the ECR-R and QAA-R. The latter instrument was also used to categorize subjects into four attachment patterns: secure, dismissing, preoccupied, and fearful. The results of an ANOVA indicate that there are significant differences between the four attachment patterns on a g-factor of intelligence (F-(258,F- 3) = 19.637, p = .000), with post hoc tests revealing that the "secure" group scores significantly higher on g than either of the three "insecure" groups. The same pattern of results is obtained for both verbal and nonverbal reasoning, as well as general knowledge. Although the differences between the three "insecure" groups are not always significant, there is a clear trend for the "fearful" to be the lowest-scoring group, regardless of the intelligence test employed. An inspection of the correlations between attachment dimensions and intelligence further reveals that ECR-Anxiety shows a stronger relationship to intellectual ability (r = -.296 - -.408) than does ECR-Avoidance (r= -.139 -.247), though all the correlations are significant (p lt .05). With respect to QAA-R, the strongest correlation with intelligence is found for the Negative self (r = -.288 - -.402, p = .000), Mentalization (r = .296 -.394, p = .000), and Negative others subscales (r= -. 229 --. 338, p=.000); the only subscale not related to intellectual ability is Use of secure base. The results confirm our initial hypothesis that secure attachment represents an asset when it comes to intellectual performance, even beyond childhood, and on both verbal and nonverbal tests of ability.",
publisher = "World Inst Advanced Research & Science, Lisbon",
journal = "INPACT 2013: International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends",
title = "An examination of the relationship between intelligence and attachment in adulthood",
pages = "25-21",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_reff_1553"
}
Dimitrijević, A., Altaras Dimitrijević, A.,& Jolić Marjanović, Z.. (2013). An examination of the relationship between intelligence and attachment in adulthood. in INPACT 2013: International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends
World Inst Advanced Research & Science, Lisbon., 21-25.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_reff_1553
Dimitrijević A, Altaras Dimitrijević A, Jolić Marjanović Z. An examination of the relationship between intelligence and attachment in adulthood. in INPACT 2013: International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. 2013;:21-25.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_reff_1553 .
Dimitrijević, Aleksandar, Altaras Dimitrijević, Ana, Jolić Marjanović, Zorana, "An examination of the relationship between intelligence and attachment in adulthood" in INPACT 2013: International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends (2013):21-25,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_reff_1553 .

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