The Emergence of Sex Differences in Personality Traits in Early Adolescence: A Cross-Sectional, Cross-Cultural Study
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2015
Authors
De Bolle, MarleenDe Fruyt, Filip
McCrae, Robert R.
Loeckenhoff, Corinna E.

Costa, Paul T., Jr.

Aguilar-Vafaie, Maria E.
Ahn, Chang-Kyu
Ahn, Hyun-nie
Alcalay, Lidia
Allik, Jueri
Avdeyeva, Tatyana V.
Bratko, Denis

Brunner-Sciarra, Marina
Cain, Thomas R.
Chan, Wayne

Chittcharat, Niyada
Crawford, Jarret T.
Fehr, Ryan
Fickova, Emilia
Gelfand, Michele J.
Graf, Sylvie

Gulgoz, Sami
Hrebickova, Martina

Jussim, Lee
Klinkosz, Waldemar
Knežević, Goran

Leibovich de Figueroa, Nora
Lima, Margarida P.

Martin, Thomas A.
Marušić, Iris

Mastor, Khairul Anwar
Nakazato, Katsuharu
Nansubuga, Florence

Porrata, Jose
Purić, Danka

Realo, Anu
Reategui, Norma

Rolland, Jean-Pierre
Schmidt, Vanina
Sekowski, Andrzej
Shakespeare-Finch, Jane

Shimonaka, Yoshiko
Simonetti, Franco
Siuta, Jerzy
Szmigielska, Barbara
Vanno, Vitanya
Wang, Lei

Yik, Michelle

Terracciano, Antonio

Article (Published version)

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Show full item recordAbstract
Although large international studies have found consistent patterns of sex differences in personality traits among adults (i.e., women scoring higher on most facets), less is known about cross-cultural sex differences in adolescent personality and the role of culture and age in shaping them. The present study examines the NEO Personality Inventory-3 (McCrae, Costa, & Martin, 2005) informant ratings of adolescents from 23 cultures (N = 4,850), and investigates culture and age as sources of variability in sex differences of adolescents' personality. The effect for Neuroticism (with females scoring higher than males) begins to take on its adult form around age 14. Girls score higher on Openness to Experience and Conscientiousness at all ages between 12 and 17 years. A more complex pattern emerges for Extraversion and Agreeableness, although by age 17, sex differences for these traits are highly similar to those observed in adulthood. Cross-sectional data suggest that (a) with advancing ag...e, sex differences found in adolescents increasingly converge toward adult patterns with respect to both direction and magnitude; (b) girls display sex-typed personality traits at an earlier age than boys; and (c) the emergence of sex differences was similar across cultures. Practical implications of the present findings are discussed.
Keywords:
sex differences / personality / cross-cultural / adolescenceSource:
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2015, 108, 1, 171-185Publisher:
- Amer Psychological Assoc, Washington
Funding / projects:
- Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging [ZIA AG000180-25, ZIA AG000180-26, ZIA AG000183-22]
DOI: 10.1037/a0038497
ISSN: 0022-3514
PubMed: 25603371
WoS: 000348048200011
Scopus: 2-s2.0-84925408202
Institution/Community
Psihologija / PsychologyTY - JOUR AU - De Bolle, Marleen AU - De Fruyt, Filip AU - McCrae, Robert R. AU - Loeckenhoff, Corinna E. AU - Costa, Paul T., Jr. AU - Aguilar-Vafaie, Maria E. AU - Ahn, Chang-Kyu AU - Ahn, Hyun-nie AU - Alcalay, Lidia AU - Allik, Jueri AU - Avdeyeva, Tatyana V. AU - Bratko, Denis AU - Brunner-Sciarra, Marina AU - Cain, Thomas R. AU - Chan, Wayne AU - Chittcharat, Niyada AU - Crawford, Jarret T. AU - Fehr, Ryan AU - Fickova, Emilia AU - Gelfand, Michele J. AU - Graf, Sylvie AU - Gulgoz, Sami AU - Hrebickova, Martina AU - Jussim, Lee AU - Klinkosz, Waldemar AU - Knežević, Goran AU - Leibovich de Figueroa, Nora AU - Lima, Margarida P. AU - Martin, Thomas A. AU - Marušić, Iris AU - Mastor, Khairul Anwar AU - Nakazato, Katsuharu AU - Nansubuga, Florence AU - Porrata, Jose AU - Purić, Danka AU - Realo, Anu AU - Reategui, Norma AU - Rolland, Jean-Pierre AU - Schmidt, Vanina AU - Sekowski, Andrzej AU - Shakespeare-Finch, Jane AU - Shimonaka, Yoshiko AU - Simonetti, Franco AU - Siuta, Jerzy AU - Szmigielska, Barbara AU - Vanno, Vitanya AU - Wang, Lei AU - Yik, Michelle AU - Terracciano, Antonio PY - 2015 UR - http://reff.f.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1928 AB - Although large international studies have found consistent patterns of sex differences in personality traits among adults (i.e., women scoring higher on most facets), less is known about cross-cultural sex differences in adolescent personality and the role of culture and age in shaping them. The present study examines the NEO Personality Inventory-3 (McCrae, Costa, & Martin, 2005) informant ratings of adolescents from 23 cultures (N = 4,850), and investigates culture and age as sources of variability in sex differences of adolescents' personality. The effect for Neuroticism (with females scoring higher than males) begins to take on its adult form around age 14. Girls score higher on Openness to Experience and Conscientiousness at all ages between 12 and 17 years. A more complex pattern emerges for Extraversion and Agreeableness, although by age 17, sex differences for these traits are highly similar to those observed in adulthood. Cross-sectional data suggest that (a) with advancing age, sex differences found in adolescents increasingly converge toward adult patterns with respect to both direction and magnitude; (b) girls display sex-typed personality traits at an earlier age than boys; and (c) the emergence of sex differences was similar across cultures. Practical implications of the present findings are discussed. PB - Amer Psychological Assoc, Washington T2 - Journal of Personality and Social Psychology T1 - The Emergence of Sex Differences in Personality Traits in Early Adolescence: A Cross-Sectional, Cross-Cultural Study EP - 185 IS - 1 SP - 171 VL - 108 DO - 10.1037/a0038497 ER -
@article{ author = "De Bolle, Marleen and De Fruyt, Filip and McCrae, Robert R. and Loeckenhoff, Corinna E. and Costa, Paul T., Jr. and Aguilar-Vafaie, Maria E. and Ahn, Chang-Kyu and Ahn, Hyun-nie and Alcalay, Lidia and Allik, Jueri and Avdeyeva, Tatyana V. and Bratko, Denis and Brunner-Sciarra, Marina and Cain, Thomas R. and Chan, Wayne and Chittcharat, Niyada and Crawford, Jarret T. and Fehr, Ryan and Fickova, Emilia and Gelfand, Michele J. and Graf, Sylvie and Gulgoz, Sami and Hrebickova, Martina and Jussim, Lee and Klinkosz, Waldemar and Knežević, Goran and Leibovich de Figueroa, Nora and Lima, Margarida P. and Martin, Thomas A. and Marušić, Iris and Mastor, Khairul Anwar and Nakazato, Katsuharu and Nansubuga, Florence and Porrata, Jose and Purić, Danka and Realo, Anu and Reategui, Norma and Rolland, Jean-Pierre and Schmidt, Vanina and Sekowski, Andrzej and Shakespeare-Finch, Jane and Shimonaka, Yoshiko and Simonetti, Franco and Siuta, Jerzy and Szmigielska, Barbara and Vanno, Vitanya and Wang, Lei and Yik, Michelle and Terracciano, Antonio", year = "2015", abstract = "Although large international studies have found consistent patterns of sex differences in personality traits among adults (i.e., women scoring higher on most facets), less is known about cross-cultural sex differences in adolescent personality and the role of culture and age in shaping them. The present study examines the NEO Personality Inventory-3 (McCrae, Costa, & Martin, 2005) informant ratings of adolescents from 23 cultures (N = 4,850), and investigates culture and age as sources of variability in sex differences of adolescents' personality. The effect for Neuroticism (with females scoring higher than males) begins to take on its adult form around age 14. Girls score higher on Openness to Experience and Conscientiousness at all ages between 12 and 17 years. A more complex pattern emerges for Extraversion and Agreeableness, although by age 17, sex differences for these traits are highly similar to those observed in adulthood. Cross-sectional data suggest that (a) with advancing age, sex differences found in adolescents increasingly converge toward adult patterns with respect to both direction and magnitude; (b) girls display sex-typed personality traits at an earlier age than boys; and (c) the emergence of sex differences was similar across cultures. Practical implications of the present findings are discussed.", publisher = "Amer Psychological Assoc, Washington", journal = "Journal of Personality and Social Psychology", title = "The Emergence of Sex Differences in Personality Traits in Early Adolescence: A Cross-Sectional, Cross-Cultural Study", pages = "185-171", number = "1", volume = "108", doi = "10.1037/a0038497" }
De Bolle, M., De Fruyt, F., McCrae, R. R., Loeckenhoff, C. E., Costa, P. T., Jr., Aguilar-Vafaie, M. E., Ahn, C., Ahn, H., Alcalay, L., Allik, J., Avdeyeva, T. V., Bratko, D., Brunner-Sciarra, M., Cain, T. R., Chan, W., Chittcharat, N., Crawford, J. T., Fehr, R., Fickova, E., Gelfand, M. J., Graf, S., Gulgoz, S., Hrebickova, M., Jussim, L., Klinkosz, W., Knežević, G., Leibovich de Figueroa, N., Lima, M. P., Martin, T. A., Marušić, I., Mastor, K. A., Nakazato, K., Nansubuga, F., Porrata, J., Purić, D., Realo, A., Reategui, N., Rolland, J., Schmidt, V., Sekowski, A., Shakespeare-Finch, J., Shimonaka, Y., Simonetti, F., Siuta, J., Szmigielska, B., Vanno, V., Wang, L., Yik, M.,& Terracciano, A.. (2015). The Emergence of Sex Differences in Personality Traits in Early Adolescence: A Cross-Sectional, Cross-Cultural Study. in Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Amer Psychological Assoc, Washington., 108(1), 171-185. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038497
De Bolle M, De Fruyt F, McCrae RR, Loeckenhoff CE, Costa PTJ, Aguilar-Vafaie ME, Ahn C, Ahn H, Alcalay L, Allik J, Avdeyeva TV, Bratko D, Brunner-Sciarra M, Cain TR, Chan W, Chittcharat N, Crawford JT, Fehr R, Fickova E, Gelfand MJ, Graf S, Gulgoz S, Hrebickova M, Jussim L, Klinkosz W, Knežević G, Leibovich de Figueroa N, Lima MP, Martin TA, Marušić I, Mastor KA, Nakazato K, Nansubuga F, Porrata J, Purić D, Realo A, Reategui N, Rolland J, Schmidt V, Sekowski A, Shakespeare-Finch J, Shimonaka Y, Simonetti F, Siuta J, Szmigielska B, Vanno V, Wang L, Yik M, Terracciano A. The Emergence of Sex Differences in Personality Traits in Early Adolescence: A Cross-Sectional, Cross-Cultural Study. in Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 2015;108(1):171-185. doi:10.1037/a0038497 .
De Bolle, Marleen, De Fruyt, Filip, McCrae, Robert R., Loeckenhoff, Corinna E., Costa, Paul T., Jr., Aguilar-Vafaie, Maria E., Ahn, Chang-Kyu, Ahn, Hyun-nie, Alcalay, Lidia, Allik, Jueri, Avdeyeva, Tatyana V., Bratko, Denis, Brunner-Sciarra, Marina, Cain, Thomas R., Chan, Wayne, Chittcharat, Niyada, Crawford, Jarret T., Fehr, Ryan, Fickova, Emilia, Gelfand, Michele J., Graf, Sylvie, Gulgoz, Sami, Hrebickova, Martina, Jussim, Lee, Klinkosz, Waldemar, Knežević, Goran, Leibovich de Figueroa, Nora, Lima, Margarida P., Martin, Thomas A., Marušić, Iris, Mastor, Khairul Anwar, Nakazato, Katsuharu, Nansubuga, Florence, Porrata, Jose, Purić, Danka, Realo, Anu, Reategui, Norma, Rolland, Jean-Pierre, Schmidt, Vanina, Sekowski, Andrzej, Shakespeare-Finch, Jane, Shimonaka, Yoshiko, Simonetti, Franco, Siuta, Jerzy, Szmigielska, Barbara, Vanno, Vitanya, Wang, Lei, Yik, Michelle, Terracciano, Antonio, "The Emergence of Sex Differences in Personality Traits in Early Adolescence: A Cross-Sectional, Cross-Cultural Study" in Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 108, no. 1 (2015):171-185, https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038497 . .