Služba Prvom vaseljenskom saboru u najstarijem srpskom triodu (RNB, F. P. I. 68)

Abstract

Knjiga triod sadrži službe pokretnog godišnjeg cilkusa, od Nedelje mitara i fariseja do Nedelje svih svetih tj. do prve nedelje posle Vaznesenja. Knjiga je dobila naziv po skraćenim kanonima koji se sastoje od tri, ređe i četiri pesme (ode). Triod se postepeno formirao tokom dugog vremenskog perioda, a odlikuje se nestabilnim sastavom i bogatstvom himnografskog materijala koji je u različitim periodima ulazio u njegov sastav. Upravo zbog obima ova se knjiga deli na dva dela - Posni i Cvetni triod (Pentikostar). Ovakvo stanje odrazilo se i na slovenske triode. Smatra se da je prevođenje trioda započeto još u Moravskom periodu, a zatim nastavljeno na južnoslovenskom području posle begstva od progona Metodijevih učenika iz Panonije. Na osnovu sačuvanih izvora zaključeno je da je prevođenje trioda tj. njegovog drugog dela - Pentikostara) delo Klimenta Ohridskog. Srpski triod iz prve polovine XIII veka (RNB F. p. I. 68) blizak je najstarijim sačuvanim slovenskim triodima te čuva elemente koji ga približavaju ćirilometodijevskoj tradiciji. Ovaj rukopis sadrži najstariji prepis službe Prvom vaseljenskom saboru koja je predmet istraživanja.

The Triodion book contains the services for the moveable Paschal cycle from the Sunday of the Publican and the Pharisee to All Saints' Day, i.e. to the first Sunday after the Feast of the Ascension. The book takes its name after its abridged canons comprising three or, in rare cases, four odes. The Triodion was shaped gradually over a long period of time and is characterized by its variable composition and the abundance of hymnographic material that was included into this hymnographic collection at various points in time. Due to its volume, the book is divided into two parts: the Lenten Triodion and the Pentecostarion (also known as the Paschal Triodion). This state of affairs was reflected in its early Slavonic versions. The translation of the triodion is believed to have begun as early as the Great Moravian period and continued in South Slavic territories after the exile of Methodius's disciples from Pannonia. Extant sources suggest that the translation of the Triodion, i.e. the Pentecostarion as its second part, is to be attributed to Clement of Ohrid. Based on its structural characteristics and contents, the complete Serbian triodion from the first half of the 13th century (RNB F. p. I. 68) bears similarity to the oldest extant Slavonic triodia and preserves elements that associate it with the Cyrillo-Methodian tradition. This manuscript includes the oldest transcription of the service to the First Ecumenical Council, which was the subject of this paper. The service is read on the Feast of the Fathers of the First Ecumenical Council, i.e. the last Sunday before the Feast of the Ascension. Some parts of this service are also found in the services to the Fourth (16 July: UB Belgrade, Ćorović 15) and Seventh Ecumenical Council (11 October: Peć 49), which were included in a number of 14th-century menaia, indicating a rather liberal approach to using certain hymnographic forms in the composition of some services. The paper analyzes the structure and contents of the oldest copy of the Service to the First Ecumenical Council, as well as the inter-textological relationship of the parts of the service that are found in younger copies of the menaion services to the Fourth and Seventh Council. The text of the triodion service to the First Ecumenical Council is published in the appendix.