Obaveze Srpske crkve prema Karejskoj ćeliji u srednje veku

Abstract

Nekoliko srednjovekovnih srpskih povelja pominje materijalne obaveze Srpske arhiepiskopije i patrijaršije prema Karejskoj ćeliji. Rad objašnjava poreklo i prirodu materijalnih davanja prema isposnici Sv. Save Jerusalimskog. Takođe, bliže se određuje vremenski okvir uspostavljanja takvih odnosa. Analiza podataka koji ukazuju da su arhiepiskopi i patrijarsi imali pravo da prikupljaju bir i vrhovinu sa nekih poseda, ukazuju na postojanje posebe eparhije pod drektom jurisdikcijom poglavara Srpske crkve u okolini Peći. Pored pokušaja da se približno odrede okviri delovanja takve eparhije razmatrana je i korelacija sa hvostanskim crkvenim centrom.

Kareia cell was spiritually and administratively connected to Hilandar monastery, but it had a total economic autonomy. There are a few documents testifying that the pontiffs of Serbian church in Middle Ages were obliged to pay a certain amount of money to St. Sava cell, annually. The oldest preserved document mentioning this tax is the charter of the archbishop Nikodim for the Kareia cell from 1321. According to this chart, the Archiepiscopacy was paying the amount of 40 perpers for the sustenance of monks in Kareia and, apart from that, was supposed to give one mule. From the same document we find out that the abovementioned charge had also been present in the earlier period. The charter of emperor Dusan from 1355, among other things, contains also a decree about the obligations of the Patriarchy towards Kareia cell in the same amount. Apart from that, it clarifies the problem by explaining that the Patriarchy is collecting the profits from the "vrhovina" and "krina" (a type of church tax) from Hilandar metohija, and because of that, as compensation, it allows the Kareia cell a monetary charge. The document analysis shows that establishing this kind of relations could have happened only in the period after moving the seat of the Serbian church to Pec, most probably in the period of the archbishop Sava III. It was implied that the pontiff of Serbian church had a separate eparchy in the vicinity of Pec, to which two Hilandar estates belonged, probably metohija of Krusevo. Scarce data on this eparchy do not allow reconstruction of its size. Mentioning the bishop of Pec in the 15th century may be related to this special church area activity.