Инокосне породице и задруге у средњовековној Србији

Abstract

Рад се бави структуром српске породице у позном средњем веку, углавном на основу дипломатичких и османских извора. Српска породица се у овом периоду јавља у два вида организовања: као инокосна и као задружна. Задруге су углавном мале и преовлађују очинске и братске задруге, што има везе и са дужином живота у средњем веку.

In the medieval Serbian state, the family or house as it appears in sources, was the basic unit of society. It could be solitary or communal. Ву analyzing primary diplomatic documents and the first Ottoman defters, we can see that about a quarter of the population lived in solitary families. More than half the families that lived communally did so in small communes of two to three members. Almost all of these communes were either father-son family communes or fratemal communes. Primary resources show only a small number of large communes. Solitary and communal families were present in the aristocracy, as well as among the common (land-bound) population. The structure of the families does not have апу bearing on status. Solitary families could be found anywhere, whereas the characteristics of communal families are the same among the aristocracy, the land serfs, minders, priesthood, members of guilds or fishermen. A notable difference is among the Vlach population where there was a higher than usual number of young men joining their wives' families. This was a result of the attempt of the land-working population to gain status of animal herdsman, as it was considered more advantageous.