"Давање на вратима" -- милостиња и хуманитарни рад Српске цркве у средњем век
"Giving at the door"- charity and humanitarian work of church institutions in Medieval Serbia
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Рад се бави питањем хуманитарног рада Српске цркве у средњем
веку. Поред деловања болница, странопријемница сачувани су и подаци
о посебном виду помоћи сиротима и убогима, који извори најчешће на-
зивају „давање на вратима“. Ради се пре свега о давању милостиње, изно
шењу хране, одеће и других потрепштина сиротима који су се сакупљали
испред храмова. Оваква давања су могла бити свакодневна или поводом
празника, а количине изношене хране су се разликовале. Иако наизглед
скромна и симболична помоћ, овај вид хуманитарног рада био је обавезан
у свим црквама, те је подмиривао потребе великог броја људи.
The Christian Church has been aiming for centuries to help believers through
its activities not only in the spiritual field, but also through charitable activities,
almsgiving, helping the poor, founding charity institutions and medical centres.
“Giving at the door” is one aspect of such action which was mentioned in the Serbian
medieval sources and it implies taking food, clothes and other necessities outside daily
or occasionally for the poor who gathered in front of the churches.
The Studenica Typikon and the Chilandar Typikon contain a separate chapter
entitled “Giving at the door”. It was expected that monks would take food surpluses
from their dining tables in front of the church gate daily. Moreover, during major
festivities larger quantities of meals and other alms were taken outside. Monks were
obliged to give their old clothes and shoes before they got new ones, and the prior
distributed old items to the poor.
This aspect of acting was cherished within the Serbian... Church in the later period
of the Middle Ages. During the restoration of the church Our Lady of Ljeviš, the
seat of the Prizren Bishopric, the inscription was carved at the entrance and it testifies
about the obligation to take alms to the church door “daily, every single day, at all
times”. On this occasion the amount of flour, wine and salt was precisely prescribed.
The note that the builders who were building the church received the same meal is
also interesting. In the official document with a gold seal for the Monastery of the
Holy Archangels near Prizren, Stefan Dušan prescribed that 12 complete meals had to
be taken outside every day. These data demonstrate that this aspect of humanitarian
work of the Church took on greater proportions and that there was a transition from
the original food surpluses from monks’ dining tables to larger quantities, even rations
and quantities were described in more detail. Finally, Dušan’s Code prescribed that in
all churches of the Serbian land alms had to be given and that the poor had to be fed
under threat of depriving bishops or priors who did not implement this decision of
dignity. These and other data reveal that the Serbian Church in the Middle Ages assumed
an important role of social protection of the poor.
Кључне речи:
црква / милостиња / манастири / Србија / срењи век / charity / giving at the door / Serbian Church / Middle Ages / poor peopleИзвор:
Београдски историјски гласник, 2022, 13, 161-174Издавач:
- Odeljenje za istoriju - Filozofski fakultet -Univerzitet u Beogradu
Финансирање / пројекти:
- Пројекат „Човек и друштво у време кризе“, финансиран од стране Филозофског факултета Универзитета у Београду
- Подпројекат „Пошасти на тлу средњовековних српских земаља (епидемије – непогоде– глади)“ којим руководи проф. др Синиша Мишић
Институција/група
Istorija / HistoryTY - JOUR AU - Koprivica, Marija PY - 2022 UR - http://reff.f.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5495 AB - Рад се бави питањем хуманитарног рада Српске цркве у средњем веку. Поред деловања болница, странопријемница сачувани су и подаци о посебном виду помоћи сиротима и убогима, који извори најчешће на- зивају „давање на вратима“. Ради се пре свега о давању милостиње, изно шењу хране, одеће и других потрепштина сиротима који су се сакупљали испред храмова. Оваква давања су могла бити свакодневна или поводом празника, а количине изношене хране су се разликовале. Иако наизглед скромна и симболична помоћ, овај вид хуманитарног рада био је обавезан у свим црквама, те је подмиривао потребе великог броја људи. AB - The Christian Church has been aiming for centuries to help believers through its activities not only in the spiritual field, but also through charitable activities, almsgiving, helping the poor, founding charity institutions and medical centres. “Giving at the door” is one aspect of such action which was mentioned in the Serbian medieval sources and it implies taking food, clothes and other necessities outside daily or occasionally for the poor who gathered in front of the churches. The Studenica Typikon and the Chilandar Typikon contain a separate chapter entitled “Giving at the door”. It was expected that monks would take food surpluses from their dining tables in front of the church gate daily. Moreover, during major festivities larger quantities of meals and other alms were taken outside. Monks were obliged to give their old clothes and shoes before they got new ones, and the prior distributed old items to the poor. This aspect of acting was cherished within the Serbian Church in the later period of the Middle Ages. During the restoration of the church Our Lady of Ljeviš, the seat of the Prizren Bishopric, the inscription was carved at the entrance and it testifies about the obligation to take alms to the church door “daily, every single day, at all times”. On this occasion the amount of flour, wine and salt was precisely prescribed. The note that the builders who were building the church received the same meal is also interesting. In the official document with a gold seal for the Monastery of the Holy Archangels near Prizren, Stefan Dušan prescribed that 12 complete meals had to be taken outside every day. These data demonstrate that this aspect of humanitarian work of the Church took on greater proportions and that there was a transition from the original food surpluses from monks’ dining tables to larger quantities, even rations and quantities were described in more detail. Finally, Dušan’s Code prescribed that in all churches of the Serbian land alms had to be given and that the poor had to be fed under threat of depriving bishops or priors who did not implement this decision of dignity. These and other data reveal that the Serbian Church in the Middle Ages assumed an important role of social protection of the poor. PB - Odeljenje za istoriju - Filozofski fakultet -Univerzitet u Beogradu T2 - Београдски историјски гласник T1 - "Давање на вратима" -- милостиња и хуманитарни рад Српске цркве у средњем век T1 - "Giving at the door"- charity and humanitarian work of church institutions in Medieval Serbia EP - 174 SP - 161 VL - 13 UR - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_reff_5495 ER -
@article{ author = "Koprivica, Marija", year = "2022", abstract = "Рад се бави питањем хуманитарног рада Српске цркве у средњем веку. Поред деловања болница, странопријемница сачувани су и подаци о посебном виду помоћи сиротима и убогима, који извори најчешће на- зивају „давање на вратима“. Ради се пре свега о давању милостиње, изно шењу хране, одеће и других потрепштина сиротима који су се сакупљали испред храмова. Оваква давања су могла бити свакодневна или поводом празника, а количине изношене хране су се разликовале. Иако наизглед скромна и симболична помоћ, овај вид хуманитарног рада био је обавезан у свим црквама, те је подмиривао потребе великог броја људи., The Christian Church has been aiming for centuries to help believers through its activities not only in the spiritual field, but also through charitable activities, almsgiving, helping the poor, founding charity institutions and medical centres. “Giving at the door” is one aspect of such action which was mentioned in the Serbian medieval sources and it implies taking food, clothes and other necessities outside daily or occasionally for the poor who gathered in front of the churches. The Studenica Typikon and the Chilandar Typikon contain a separate chapter entitled “Giving at the door”. It was expected that monks would take food surpluses from their dining tables in front of the church gate daily. Moreover, during major festivities larger quantities of meals and other alms were taken outside. Monks were obliged to give their old clothes and shoes before they got new ones, and the prior distributed old items to the poor. This aspect of acting was cherished within the Serbian Church in the later period of the Middle Ages. During the restoration of the church Our Lady of Ljeviš, the seat of the Prizren Bishopric, the inscription was carved at the entrance and it testifies about the obligation to take alms to the church door “daily, every single day, at all times”. On this occasion the amount of flour, wine and salt was precisely prescribed. The note that the builders who were building the church received the same meal is also interesting. In the official document with a gold seal for the Monastery of the Holy Archangels near Prizren, Stefan Dušan prescribed that 12 complete meals had to be taken outside every day. These data demonstrate that this aspect of humanitarian work of the Church took on greater proportions and that there was a transition from the original food surpluses from monks’ dining tables to larger quantities, even rations and quantities were described in more detail. Finally, Dušan’s Code prescribed that in all churches of the Serbian land alms had to be given and that the poor had to be fed under threat of depriving bishops or priors who did not implement this decision of dignity. These and other data reveal that the Serbian Church in the Middle Ages assumed an important role of social protection of the poor.", publisher = "Odeljenje za istoriju - Filozofski fakultet -Univerzitet u Beogradu", journal = "Београдски историјски гласник", title = ""Давање на вратима" -- милостиња и хуманитарни рад Српске цркве у средњем век, "Giving at the door"- charity and humanitarian work of church institutions in Medieval Serbia", pages = "174-161", volume = "13", url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_reff_5495" }
Koprivica, M.. (2022). "Давање на вратима" -- милостиња и хуманитарни рад Српске цркве у средњем век. in Београдски историјски гласник Odeljenje za istoriju - Filozofski fakultet -Univerzitet u Beogradu., 13, 161-174. https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_reff_5495
Koprivica M. "Давање на вратима" -- милостиња и хуманитарни рад Српске цркве у средњем век. in Београдски историјски гласник. 2022;13:161-174. https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_reff_5495 .
Koprivica, Marija, ""Давање на вратима" -- милостиња и хуманитарни рад Српске цркве у средњем век" in Београдски историјски гласник, 13 (2022):161-174, https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_reff_5495 .