Verska tolerancija u islamskoj Španiji

Abstract

Ovaj rad bavi se religijskim odnosima između muslimana, Jevreja i hrišćana u islamskoj Španiji od 8. do 15. veka. Omajadski vladari Španije preobrazili su Kordovu, pomalo uspavani i zabačeni mediteranski gradić, u jednu od evropskih srednjovekovnih prestonica. U devetom i desetom stoleću ovaj grad postaje najcivilizovaniji evropski centar, "nevesta Andaluzije", ali i "ukras sveta". U to doba, štaviše, muslimanska Španija postaje i najnapredniji najkulturniji deo Evrope. U njoj je, u najvećoj meri, vladala religijska i međuetnička tolerancija, a podsticane su i slobodne filozofske rasprave izgradnja biblioteka, fakulteta, javnih kupatila i parkova, kao i poezija i arhitektura. Do velike promene dolazi, međutim, nakon rekonkiste, kada su hrišćanski vladari ponovo zauzeli gradove u Andaluziji i iz njih proterali muslimane i Jevreje koji su tu, zajedno s hrišćanima, živeli punih 800 godina.

This work deals with inter-religious relations between Muslims, Jews and Christians in Islamic Spain from 8-15th centuries. The Umayyad rulers of Spain transformed Cordoba, a sleepy and remote Mediterranean town, into a European medieval center. In the ninth and tenth centuries, this city became the most civilized European center, the "bride of Andalusia" and "ornament of the world". At that time, the Muslim Spain was the most prosperous and cultural part of Europe. Religious and inter-ethnic tolerance was largely practiced there, along with free philosophical discussions, building of libraries, universities, public baths and parks, as well as poetry and architecture. A significant change occurred, however, after the Reconquista when Christian rulers repossessed the cities of Andalusia, expelling Muslims and Jews who lived together with Christians for 800 years.