Religija pred izazovima mnogostruke modernosti

Abstract

U ovom radu preispituje se teza o revitalizaciji religije u svetlu procesa modernizacije i duha modernosti s dva različita, ali komplementarna teorijska aspekta. S jedne strane, tu se razmatra pojam religije koji bi, možda, na jedan teorijski produktivniji način zahvatio promene u religijskoj sferi karakteristične za kraj 20. i početak 21. veka, imajući u vidu, dakako, i religijske aspekte globalizacije. Umesto pitanja šta religija jeste, ili šta religija čini, autor se ovde detaljnije bavi pitanjem šta religija danas sve podrazumeva, imajući u vidu, pre svega, različite aspekte, odnosno konstitutivne elemente religije u politetičkoj i komparativnoj perspektivi. Drugim rečima, koji to tačno aspekti religije doživljavaju revitalizaciju, ako je o oživljavanju religije, a ne samo religioznosti, reč? S druge strane, autor razmatra i sam pojam modernosti i modernizacije u savremenom društvu (društvu na razmeđu stoleća), imajući pritom u vidu mnogostrukost modernih kulturnih programa, kao i njihovu stalnu dinamiku, i to ne samo na Zapadu, već i u nezapadnim društvima, u kojima je u postkolonijanom periodu, a naročito u poslednje nekolike decenije 20. veka, došlo do značajnije reinterpretacije, selekcije i preformulacije institucionalnih modela i političkih i društvenih tema vezanih za modernu zapadnu civilizaciju.

In this essay, the author assesses the thesis about the revitalization of religion in the light of the modernization process (and, for that matter, the spirit of modernity in general) from two different, but complementary, theoretical aspects. On the one hand, the notion of religion has been considered in the light of the changes that took place in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. Religious aspects of globalization are also part of this process. Instead of asking what religion is, or what it does, the author tackles, in more detail, the following question: what does religion entail - having in mind, in the first place, the different aspects or constitutive elements of religion in a polythetic and comparative perspective. In other words, what aspects of religion experience revitalization, if revitalization of religion and not just religiosity is at issue? On the other hand, the author tackles the very concept of modernity in the contemporary society, by taking into account the multiplicity of the modern cultural programs, as well as their constant dynamics, not just in the West, but also in the non-Western societies. In the post-colonial period, and especially in the last several decades of the 20th century, those societies experienced a significant re-interpretation, selection and re-formulation of the institutional models and political and social topics related to modern Western civilization.